Xueba starts with change

Chapter 463 Thesis! (two-in-one 5000+)

Professor Friedman's recent mood is not very beautiful.

Even if it's just after Christmas.

Because of the glue ball experiment he was in charge of, he was under pressure from SLAC.

Long-term investment, but did not get the corresponding results.

Both the U.S. Department of Energy and Stanford University are considering the need for this topic.

After all, the SLAC of today is not the SLAC of yore.

In addition, the researchers at SLAC had already processed all the experimental data of the last glue ball experiment before Christmas.

Currently waiting for the next experimental plan.

On the one hand, it is the pressure from the outside, and on the other hand, it is the internal time constraints.

Friedman had to carefully weigh the connection between the two.

And make sure that in the next experiment, even if you can't really find the glue ball, you have to be able to get something out.

Otherwise, the funding for his project would be a little hanging.

However, Chen Zhou and Cross, whom he is optimistic about, have never heard even a little bit of news.

This made him feel even more headaches.

This is like the person who expects to bring about change, but has not brought what he wants.

However, the movements that were originally step-by-step did not stop and kept moving forward.

And the person who supervised this action urged them to move forward quickly.

This kind of waiting is the most difficult and frightening.

Moreover, Friedman can occasionally hear Cross complaining.

Ultimately, Friedman set himself a deadline—New Year's Day.

After New Year's Day, he'll fly to SLAC.

According to the data processing situation of the researchers, the next experimental plan will be arranged.

This is also the deadline he left for Chen Zhou.

As for why he never looked for Chen Zhou.

It is to give Chen Zhou an absolutely stable research environment.

He believed that a wise man never needed to be prodded by others.

On New Year's Day, Friedman, as usual, spent the first day of 2017.

However, no one knows what he is thinking today.

After dinner, Friedman returned to his study.

The emotions that had been suppressed all this time finally turned into a heavy sigh: "Alas..."

After sitting at the desk for a while, Friedman slowly took out his mobile phone, intending to ask Matheson to book a plane ticket for him.

At this moment, a notification flashed out on the computer on his desk.

Friedman subconsciously stopped the hand that was about to make a call, and looked at the message notification that flashed on the computer very seriously.

This is an email alert, the sender's name cannot be seen.

After thinking for a while, Friedman put the phone aside, stretched out his hand to hold the mouse, and slid it slowly.

The cursor of the mouse landed on this email reminder.

Friedman lightly clicked the left mouse button.

Friedman's mailbox is always registered.

The page on the computer jumps into Friedman's mailbox inbox.

Friedman took a closer look, and after being slightly taken aback, a smile appeared on his face instantly.

The hand that used to slide the mouse slowly seemed to become younger all of a sudden.

Slide the mouse and tap the left button to enter the email from Chen Zhou.

The title of this email is - research on the subject of the glue ball experiment.

The content of the email is: Professor Friedman, I have completed all the research on the glueball experiment. The attachment is the first draft of the paper. Please review it for me.

After reading this sentence, Friedman felt that all his previous worries disappeared.

The smile on his face also became stronger.

Without the slightest hesitation, Friedman downloaded the file that was exactly the same, but was complained by Cross as such a small file.

After the file was downloaded, Professor Friedman began to review it very seriously.

He hopes that Chen Zhou can meet his expectations, instead of just following the steps step by step like the researchers of SLAC.

It's not that it's not good to follow the steps, it's just that if you follow the steps, you can't find the glue ball.

Otherwise, Friedman would not have been under so much pressure.

Although it sounds like, it is extremely unreliable to pin your hopes on a "newcomer" in the physics world who is "uninterested" and even an old SLAC employee, Professor Cross, dares to stand aside.

But Friedman did just that.

And now I am reaping my own sense of expectation.

Friedman has been looking at the first draft of Chen Zhou's thesis.

Several pages of verification formulas appeared in the notebook beside him.

Friedman buried himself in the first draft of this paper on the computer with an extremely immersed, enjoyable, and research mentality.

So much so that he didn't even hear his wife calling him to go to bed early.

This also surprised Friedman, who is also the wife of a physics professor.

Because Friedman hasn't stayed up all night for many years since he got old.

The daily schedule is very regular.

Even if he had a problem and wanted to discuss it with the husband of the Nobel Prize winner in physics, he would say that he would discuss it tomorrow morning, for fear of delaying his rest.

But today, what happened?
The wife silently walked behind Friedman, she wanted to know what Friedman was looking at, so fascinated by it?
Even when he walked behind him, he didn't realize it.

"This is...a rubber ball?" The wife frowned slightly, puzzled.

The glueball experiment topic is a particle physics topic that Friedman has been working on for a long time.

But there is no time like today?

While puzzled, his wife stood behind Friedman and read with him the first draft of the thesis sent by Chen Zhou.

The time gradually came to midnight.

In the notebook next to Friedman, he has already filled in more content.

And his wife moved a stool and came over to help him sort out the content of this paper.

Both of them were shocked by the research results of this paper.

Although Friedman's wife is not a big cow in particle physics.

But from the serious attitude of the husband, and the formulas and calculations piled up in the notebook.

She already knew the importance of this paper.

What surprised her even more was that Friedman told her that the paper was written by a graduate student he had just brought.

She didn't know what kind of graduate student could write such a thesis?
"It not only combines the advantages of particle detectors, but also improves the method of particle detection..."

"If he follows this pattern to search for other unknown particles, or the new physics that physicists are thinking about, will he find it?"

In Friedman's wife's mind, these two shocking words popped up for no reason.

At one o'clock in the evening, Friedman turned his head slightly, and asked his wife to go to bed first with concern, and he would come right away.

Because he found that even if he stayed up all night, he could not complete the verification, or review, of this paper.

He needs at least two days to initially complete the review of this paper.

So, go to his SLAC.

After verifying the content of this paper by myself, the next experimental plan is not to discover something.

That must have been a historic moment for the discovery of gumballs!
Friedman also felt a little lucky that he chose Chen Zhou and that he met Chen Zhou.

Same as Friedman, but different is Cross.

Cross, who thought it was Chen Zhou who wanted to help himself, did not expect that it would become a review of Chen Zhou's research results.

However, the research results of Chen Zhou's paper are so shocking.

If you use this paper as your guide, you end up finding glueballs.

Then Chen Zhou's thesis is a quasi-Nobel Prize-level thesis!
Of course, even if you don’t look at this glorious honor that only exists in theory, just talk about the paper in front of you.

It also made Cross very helpless and disappointed.

Originally, he thought that Friedman bound Chen Zhou to himself, and he was giving himself a chance to flex his muscles.

But I didn't expect that I didn't do anything except the occasional email exchange, and the other party would come up with the research results by themselves.

This also means that Chen Zhou doesn't need himself at all...

Now that the research paper is out, I also missed the research work on SLAC...

Cross had mixed feelings in his heart.

However, he also knew that it was useless to think too much.

Now that the facts are in front of him, he can only grasp the last tail and help Chen Zhou to correct possible problems in the thesis.

At the same time, I will do my best to verify the innovation of the theoretical content of the rubber ball experiment subject involved in this paper, as well as the new methods and new technologies in the experimental detection.

Unlike Friedman, Cross was immersed in the first draft of Chen Zhou's thesis, and he started the ascetic mode that scholars must have.

Boiled all night long.

Finally the day after New Year's Day.

It was December 1th.

He finished reviewing Chen Zhou's thesis.

The possible problems are also marked, and my own views are attached.

Then, he opened the mailbox and sent the whole package back to Chen Zhou.

Although the thesis documents sent by Chen Zhou are not very big.

But the compressed file package that Cross sent back was not small at all.

He listed all the documents he consulted, his annotations, his understanding, what he didn't understand, etc., in detail.

Of course, he didn't intend to communicate with Chen Zhou just like this email.

He planned to leave for MIT immediately after taking a good rest, looking for Chen Zhou.

After finishing all this, Cross finally fell asleep on the bed.

The body of a middle-aged person is somewhat unbearable to stay up late.

In addition to Friedman and Cross carefully studying Chen Zhou's paper, Chen Zhou's first draft paper on the preprint website e-Print arXiv also attracted the curiosity of many people.

However, unlike Friedman and Cross, most physicists did not pay much attention to Chen Zhou's paper.

Only a few experts in the field of physics carefully read Chen Zhou's paper because of Chen Zhou and Friedman.

However, due to the lack of a lot of content in the preprint, many theories and technologies seem a bit unclear.

Therefore, this paper by Chen Zhou is more regarded as a good "blessing" of "newcomers" in the physics field.

Therefore, even Chen Zhou, who is known as a mathematical genius, did not cause a big splash in the physics community through a preprint of a paper.

Chen Zhou didn't care about this.

Even after uploading the preprint, he didn't pay attention to it again.

At this time, he was immersed in the world of mathematics.

While Friedman and Cross were studying Chen Zhou's thesis carefully, Chen Zhou was also seriously studying mathematical problems.

Those ideas that have been temporarily put on hold for so many days, after the research results of the glue ball experiment project, can finally be done with confidence and boldness.

And after the start of another explosion, Chen Zhou was surprised to find that the subject of "Linear representation of the Artin L function of the Galois group" seems to be getting more and more interesting.

This topic was actually proposed by the old Professor Artin when he was studying Galois theory.

As for the study of Galois theory, probably no one is more "persistent" than the old Professor Artin.

As early as 1923, the old Professor Artin introduced the group representation method in the study of arbitrary Galois expansion L/K in the number field, and introduced the L function of Galois expansion L/K to represent ρ.

And the old Professor Artin proved a series of analytical properties of L(S, ρ).

But he could not find high-dimensional analogs of Dirichlet characteristics and Dirichlet L-functions.

Nor is it how the high-dimensional representation of G is reflected by K's own characteristics.

Interestingly, at the same time in 1927, Professor Haken, who worked in the same school as the old Professor Artin, studied the L function of the modular form.

In 1951, Weil used class field theory to construct a new group, that is, the Weil group.

Thus a new type of L function is obtained.

The non-Abelian L function of the old Professor Artin and Haken's L function of the modular form are both its special cases.

As Weil puts it, "The Marriage of Artin and Harken was achieved."

However, Professor Haken obviously did not expect that the old Professor Artin would publish a book called "Galois Theory", which comprehensively discussed Galois Theory.

Moreover, Chen Zhou was left with a difficult problem that had not been solved so far.

Chen Zhou discovered that after exploring the linear representation of Artin's L function and the Artin's L function of the Galois group, etc.

Back to what Professor Langlands once said.

That is to say, there are three main parts to study an L function.

are the analytic continuation, the distribution of zero points, and the value of special points, respectively.

However, there are many things involved here.

Like general automorphic L-functions, its analytic continuation is relatively easy to obtain.

But for arithmetic L-functions like Artin's L-function, this part is not so easy.

Just like the part of Weil's L function, it is the Taniyama-Shimura conjecture.

As for the holomorphic analytic continuation of Artin's L function, it is necessary to go around Artin's conjecture.

It has become an important problem in algebraic number theory.

This is not the result Chen Zhou wanted.

However, Chen Zhou cleverly took advantage of this and perfected the distribution deconstruction method.

It can be said to be a pleasant surprise.

Moreover, the problem of "the linear representation of the Artin L function of the Galois group" gradually became clear in front of Chen Zhou.

"L(S, ρ)=p∏det..."

This feeling of clearing away the clouds and mist is slowly unfolding in Chen Zhou's mind and pen.

Of course, Chen Zhou, who has restarted his liver-exploding research, has been waiting for Friedman and Cross' review comments.

It would be great if I could complete this math project before returning to China for the New Year.

If it cannot be completed, Chen Zhou will not force it.

Anyway, the problem of the glue ball experiment has been solved, right?
However, Chen Zhou would never have imagined that the deadline he set for himself would actually hit the date Friedman also set for himself.

If he knew, he would probably have another feeling in his heart.

At noon on January 1rd, Chen Zhou slowly put down his pen, and was about to solve the takeaway that Yang Yiyi brought back, when he saw the email message prompted on the computer.

That's right, after Chen Zhou started the research mode of retreating and exploding the liver again, Yang Yiyi also started the rhythm of taking out food again.

Chen Zhou, who clicked on the email while eating, thought that it might be an email from Cross or Friedman.

Unexpectedly, the email sent by Cross contained so much content.

Especially after downloading, seeing all kinds of things listed here, Chen Zhou felt a little helpless.

Is this him reviewing the manuscript for himself, or is he reviewing the manuscript for him?
When he saw that in the text of the email, Cross planned to come to MIT to find him tomorrow, Chen Zhou was a little bit dumbfounded.

Do you dare to block yourself and solve the problem face to face?

However, think about it, and complain about it.

For some very practical suggestions, Chen Zhou is still very cautious.

After all, Professor Cross has many years of research experience, which is what he lacks.

But Chen Zhou just read it carefully and formed a rough revision in his mind.

But he didn't actually start writing to revise the paper that he had sorted out by himself.

He is still waiting for Friedman's review comments.

After summarizing, he will combine the opinions of the two to make specific revisions.

Besides, isn't Cross planning to come over?
Chen Zhou believes that Friedman should take this opportunity to find him and Cross together.

After thinking about it, Chen Zhou simply replied to Cross's email, and then quickly settled the cold lunch.

Immediately, I plunged into the world of Galois group and Artin L function again.

Probably next week, he will ask for leave with his two mentors, start his winter vacation, and return to China for the Spring Festival.

Before that, he still has at most a week.

If the time that may be delayed by Cross is removed, then there is really not much time left for this difficult problem before the Spring Festival.

Time is like this, slowly flowing away from the tip of his pen during Chen Zhou's liver explosion research.

Three days is just the blink of an eye.

Chen Zhou, who was immersed in the world of mathematics, was completely unaware that Cross, who said he would come to see him the next day, has not come until now.

And he finally, in these three days, finally realized the idea that gradually became clear.

1pm on January 6th.

Chen Zhou, who slowly put down his pen, looked at the content on the draft paper with satisfaction.

"...Consider the automorphism of the Galois group..."

"...Gal(Q/F) where Q/F is a Galois expansion..."

"Then, L(S, ρ)=n=1→∞∑λρ(n)/n^s..."

"...Therefore, the linear expression of the Artin L function of the Galois group can be obtained as L(S, ρ)=..."

Chen Zhou didn't expect that he didn't have a problem that he wanted to solve urgently.

In such a short period of time, it was solved by myself.

This also means that the sub-topic assigned to him by Professor A Ting, one of the two major problems left by the old Professor A Ting to the mathematics community, has been solved by himself!

After I also followed the glue ball experiment project, I will be able to complete the second paper soon!
What Chen Zhou didn't expect was that Cross didn't come over on the 4th.

But yesterday, it was MIT.

The reason why he didn't come to him was because Friedman called him.

　Thanks to book friend Chunfeng Dongyang for rewarding Chen Zhou's 100 starting coins!
　　Thanks to book friend Yan Hongxue for the 100 starting coins!
　　Thanks for the 100 starting coins rewarded by book friend Kunlin Yuanshan!
　　
　
(End of this chapter)